How long does a computer last, and when is it time to replace it?
Itreon works with IT equipment lifecycle management, which gives us a unique position close to reality. We manage thousands of accounts with computers from all suppliers on the market. Our experience gives us a broad picture of how long a computer actually lasts and how you can determine when it is time to replace it.
What do we mean by "holds"?
A computer has several lifespans. Together, they determine when a computer should be replaced.
Technical service life
The technical lifespan is how long the hardware can deliver acceptable performance that meets your needs. A computer rarely stops working overnight. Instead, there is a gradual decline in performance. Programs start more slowly, fans run more often, and the computer gets warmer. When your computer has lost performance to the extent that your work is slowed down, then its technical lifespan is over.
The economic life span
When the total monthly cost of keeping the computer exceeds the benefits of replacing it, its economic life is over. The economic life may be shorter than the technical life, as new technology renders older computers inefficient over time.
The safe service life
The secure lifespan expires when a computer can no longer be used and disposed of safely. When compliance and data integrity can no longer be guaranteed, often because older operating systems do not receive new security updates, risks arise for the organization and users. The secure lifespan may expire long before the technical lifespan.
So how long does a computer last?
If you Google "How long does a computer last?", you will often get a range of 3–5 years. It's true that many companies plan this way, but it's a rule of thumb, not a law of nature. Companies choose to aim for 3–5 years to optimize total cost of ownership, comply with security support, and ensure a good residual value, but there's always a "it depends" factor.
Hardware quality determines all three lifespans. Better components and cooling ensure longer performance. Fewer technical problems and higher resale value reduce costs. A modern security platform provides longer update support and keeps the computer secure for a long time.
Usage patterns affect how quickly your computer loses performance. Heavy creative programs and many apps running simultaneously burn through performance margins faster. This shortens the technical lifespan and drives up costs through waiting times and support, which shortens the economic lifespan.
Upgrade options are not available for all computers, but if it is possible to replace components, the technical lifespan can be extended, naturally at an upgrade cost. The resale value is also preserved as a result.
Maintenance includes things like cleaning the cooling system and updating drivers. Continuous maintenance extends the technical life of the computer. It is easy to update software on all computers, but it can be difficult to maintain them internally, depending on the computer.
When is it time to replace your computer?
It's time to replace your computer when:
The computer's performance is insufficient for the tasks at hand – a few seconds' delay can cause a lot of frustration and many wasted minutes over the course of a year.
The monthly cost of keeping the old computer will be higher than the benefit of replacing it.
the operating system lacks security updates or when encryption and login do not meet the requirements of the business.
The battery doesn't last half a working day and the computer runs hot.
Platform and software requirements necessitate features that the model lacks, such as TPM/Secure Boot or modern wireless standards or ports.
Above all: replace your computer when productivity in your business declines. Poor equipment costs companies more money than investing in adequate performance.
That's why it pays to rent and lease instead of buying
It is clear that computers have varying lifespans. It is equally clear that the technical needs of businesses vary. Therefore, it is almost always a better idea to rent or lease technology rather than buy it.
Buying ties up capital and locks you in as a customer for a lifetime that may not be realistic in two months' time. By renting or leasing, you instead get a predictable monthly cost and can control the replacement rate based on actual technical, economic, and safe lifespan rather than a purchase cycle.
Questions such as "How long does a computer last?" become less important when you rent or lease.
Frequently asked questions about computers and lifespans
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It depends on how it is used and what your requirements are, but companies often aim for 3–5 years. Technically, many computers can function for many years. The economic and safe lifespan may end sooner when the cost rises or updates cease. Plan the replacement when the benefit falls below the cost.
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A laptop wears out faster due to heat, battery cycles, and movement. With an SSD, sufficient RAM, and good cooling, it can be useful for several years. Battery replacement and cleaned cooling extend its life. When the battery is insufficient and waiting times affect productivity, it is time to replace it.
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Desktop computers often have a longer technical lifespan thanks to better cooling and easier upgrade options. However, economics determine when it is reasonable to replace them. When software requirements and security support are no longer available for the platform, the lifespan ends even if the hardware still feels healthy.
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When your computer no longer performs your core tasks without delays, despite updates and reasonable upgrades.
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When the monthly cost of maintaining the computer—capital, licenses, support, and lost productivity—is higher than the benefits. It often pays to replace it before the residual value drops too much.
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When operating systems no longer receive security updates or when your computer lacks features required in your environment, such as TPM, Secure Boot, and strong encryption.
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Software updates and drivers maintain performance and security. Cleaned cooling and fresh thermal paste lower temperatures. Workshop service may be required for models that are difficult to open.